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2020-09-20

會話保持Tomcat

本文章內容：

1. Nginx會話保持Tomcat
    1.1 Session Sticky
          1.1.1 URI綁定
          1.1.2 Cookie綁定
    1.2 Session Cluster
    1.3 Session Server
          1.3.1 使用javolution序列化工具
          1.3.2 使用kryo序列化工具

2. Apache會話保持Tomcat
    2.1 Session Sticky
    2.2 Session Cluster
    2.3 Session Server

 

環境：

參考"負載均衡Tomcat"那篇建構出環境 (安裝、設定好Tomcat-1、Tomcat-2和Proxy主機)。

 

1. Nginx會話保持Tomcat

1.1 Session Sticky

1.1.1 URI綁定

1.1.1.1 設定nginx.conf

[root@proxy ~]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
 33     upstream tcsrvs {
 34         hash $request_uri consistent;  #加上這一行，consistent表示使用一致性hash算法
 35         server 192.168.169.131:8080;
 36         server 192.168.169.132:8080;
 37     }
[root@proxy ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful

1.1.1.2 重載Nginx服務

[root@proxy ~]# nginx -s reload

1.1.1.3 多次訪問"http"//www.ilinux.io/test"顯示都是同一個畫面，Session ID與時間戳也都是同一個

1.1.2 Cookie綁定

將應用轉換成cookie。

1.1.2.1 設定nginx.conf

[root@proxy ~]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
 33     upstream tcsrvs {
 34         hash $cookie_name consistent;  #加上這一行，consistent表示使用一致性hash算法
 35         server 192.168.169.131:8080;
 36         server 192.168.169.132:8080;
 37     }
[root@proxy ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful

1.1.2.2 重載Nginx服務

[root@proxy ~]# nginx -s reload

1.1.2.3 多次訪問"http://www.ilinux.io/test"顯示都是同一個畫面，Session ID與時間戳也都是同一個

1.2 Session Cluster

1.2.1 設定tomcat-1、tomcat-2的/etc/tomcat/server.xml，輸入以下<Cluster></Cluster>的內容在<Host></Host>組件中

注意：server.xml的<Receiver>的address若设定为auto，则会自动解析本地主机名，并将解析得出来的ip地址作为使用的地址。因此要马/etc/hosts里面没内容，要马/etc/hosts里的主机名称解析的ip要正确，不然会有问题。
tomcat-1以及tomcat-2# vim /etc/tomcat/server.xml
125       <Host name="localhost"  appBase="webapps"
126             unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
127 
128         <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"
129                  channelSendOptions="8">
130 
131           <Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"
132                    expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
133                    notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>
134 
135           <Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">
136             <Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
137                         address="228.0.0.4"  #集群中的節點的多播地址必須一樣
138                         port="45564"
139                         frequency="500"
140                         dropTime="3000"/>
141             <Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
142                       address="auto"
143                       port="4000"
144                       autoBind="100"
145                       selectorTimeout="5000"
146                       maxThreads="6"/>
147 
148             <Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">
149               <Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>
150             </Sender>
151             <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>
152             <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>
153           </Channel>
154 
155           <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"
156                  filter=""/>
157           <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/>
158 
159           <Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"
160                     tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"
161                     deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"
162                     watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"
163                     watchEnabled="false"/>
164 
165           <ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"/>
166           <ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>
167         </Cluster>
...
183       </Host>

1.2.2 為tomcat-1、tomcat-2的應用提供web.xml並設定

tomcat-1以及tomcat-2# cp /etc/tomcat/web.xml /var/lib/tomcat/webapps/test/WEB-INF/
 18 <web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
103     <distributable/>  #這一行寫在<web-app></web-app>內
4677 </web-app>

1.2.3 重啟tomcat-1、tomcat-2的Tomcat服務

提示：tomcat-1啟動Tomcat服務後，再啟動tomcat-2的Tomcat服務時，tomcat-1的catalina.<日期>.log就會看到tomcat-2成為集群成員。
注意：如果啟動Tomcat服務後，ss -tnl沒有看到Tomcat服務的port有起來，且catalina.<日期>.log有"SEVERE: Unable to join multicast group, make sure your system has multicasting enabled."這樣的訊息，這是因為沒有gateway的關係。
tomcat-1以及tomcat-2# systemctl restart tomcat.service  #可以配合追蹤/var/log/tomcat/catalina.<日期>.log看有沒有錯誤

1.2.4 訪問多次"http://www.ilinux.io/test"，可以看到不管訪問到tomcat-1還是tomcat-2，其Session ID和Create on都是一樣的

1.3 Session Server

1. 在tomcat-1、tomcat-2主機上裝上Memcached

tomcat-1以及tomcat-2# yum install memcached -y

2. tomcat-1、tomcat-2主機啟動Memcached服務並設定開機自啟動

tomcat-1以及tomcat-2# systemctl start memcached.service
tomcat-1以及tomcat-2# systemctl enable memcached.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/memcached.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/memcached.service.
[root@memcached-1 ~]# ss -tnul
Netid  State      Recv-Q Send-Q                               Local Address:Port                                              Peer Address:Port              
udp    UNCONN     0      0                                                *:11211                                                        *:*                  
udp    UNCONN     0      0                                             [::]:11211                                                     [::]:*                  
tcp    LISTEN     0      128                                              *:11211                                                        *:*                  
tcp    LISTEN     0      128                                           [::]:11211                                                     [::]:*

3. 訪問"https"//github.com"，搜索memcached session

4. 點"magro/memcached-session-manager"

5. 在Installation and Configuration點"SetupAndConfiguration wiki page"鏈結

6. 點"Add msm jars to tomcat"鏈結

7. 點"memcached-session-manager-${version}.jar"鏈結

8. 顯示要求https，所以在網址最前面加上"https://"

9. 點"2.3.2/"

10. 滑鼠右鍵"memcached-session-manager-2.3.2.jar"複製鏈結網址

11. 使用wget下載memcached-session-manager-2.3.2.jar到tomcat-1、tomcat-2主機

[root@tomcat-1 ~]# wget https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/de/javakaffee/msm/memcached-session-manager/2.3.2/memcached-session-manager-2.3.2.jar
[root@tomcat-1 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  memcached-session-manager-2.3.2.jar
[root@tomcat-2 ~]# wget https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/de/javakaffee/msm/memcached-session-manager/2.3.2/memcached-session-manager-2.3.2.jar
[root@tomcat-2 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  memcached-session-manager-2.3.2.jar

12. 回到1.3.6點"Add msm jars to tomcat"鏈結 → 點"memcached-session-manager-tc7-${version}.jar"

13. 顯示要求https，所以在網址最前面加上"https://"

14. 點"2.3.2/"

15. 滑鼠右鍵"memcached-session-manager-tc7-2.3.2.jar"複製鏈結網址

16. 使用wget下載memcached-session-manager-tc7-2.3.2.jar到tomcat-1、tomcat-2主機

[root@tomcat-1 ~]# wget https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/de/javakaffee/msm/memcached-session-manager-tc7/2.3.2/memcached-session-manager-tc7-2.3.2.jar
[root@tomcat-1 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  memcached-session-manager-2.3.2.jar  memcached-session-manager-tc7-2.3.2.jar
[root@tomcat-2 ~]# wget https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/de/javakaffee/msm/memcached-session-manager-tc7/2.3.2/memcached-session-manager-tc7-2.3.2.jar
[root@tomcat-2 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  memcached-session-manager-2.3.2.jar  memcached-session-manager-tc7-2.3.2.jar

17. 回到1.3.6點"Add msm jars to tomcat"鏈結 → 因為我們是使用memcached當儲存，所以還要點"spymemcached-${version}.jar"鏈結下載

18. 顯示要求https，所以在網址最前面加上"https://"

19. 點"2.9.1/"

20. 滑鼠右鍵"spymemcached-2.9.1.jar"複製鏈結網址

21. 使用wget下載spymemcached-2.9.1.jar到tomcat-1、tomcat-2主機

[root@tomcat-1 ~]# wget https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/net/spy/spymemcached/2.9.1/spymemcached-2.9.1.jar
[root@tomcat-1 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  memcached-session-manager-2.3.2.jar  memcached-session-manager-tc7-2.3.2.jar  spymemcached-2.9.1.jar
[root@tomcat-2 ~]# wget https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/net/spy/spymemcached/2.9.1/spymemcached-2.9.1.jar
[root@tomcat-2 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  memcached-session-manager-2.3.2.jar  memcached-session-manager-tc7-2.3.2.jar  spymemcached-2.9.1.jar

下面下載序列化工具：

注意：下載的版本很重要，不相容的啟動tomcat服務會有問題。

1.3.1 使用javolution序列化工具

1. 回到上面第6步驟，點"Add custom serializers to your webapp (optional)"鏈結 → 點"msm-javolution-serializer"鏈結

2. 顯示要求https，所以在網址最前面加上"https://"

3. 點"2.1.1/"

4. 滑鼠右鍵"msm-javolution-serializer-2.1.1.jar"複製鏈結網址

5. 使用wget下載msm-javolution-serializer-2.1.1.jar到tomcat-1、tomcat-2主機

[root@tomcat-1 ~]# wget https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/de/javakaffee/msm/msm-javolution-serializer/2.1.1/msm-javolution-serializer-2.1.1.jar
[root@tomcat-1 ~]# ls 
anaconda-ks.cfg  memcached-session-manager-2.3.2.jar  memcached-session-manager-tc7-2.3.2.jar  msm-javolution-serializer-2.1.1.jar  spymemcached-2.9.1.jar
[root@tomcat-2 ~]# wget https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/de/javakaffee/msm/msm-javolution-serializer/2.1.1/msm-javolution-serializer-2.1.1.jar
[root@tomcat-2 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  memcached-session-manager-2.3.2.jar  memcached-session-manager-tc7-2.3.2.jar  msm-javolution-serializer-2.1.1.jar  spymemcached-2.9.1.jar

6. 回到上面第6步驟，點"Add custom serializers to your webapp (optional)"鏈結 → 點"javolution-5.4.3.1"鏈結

提示：javolution-5.4.3.1這個鏈結失效了，改連"https://github.com/chenxofhit/memcached-session-manager/tree/master/maven/javolution/javolution/5.4.3.1"

7. 點"javolution-5.4.3.1.jar"

8. 滑鼠右鍵"Download"複製鏈結網址

9. 使用wget下載javolution-5.4.3.1.jar到tomcat-1、tomcat-2主機

[root@tomcat-1 ~]# wget https://github.com/chenxofhit/memcached-session-manager/raw/master/maven/javolution/javolution/5.4.3.1/javolution-5.4.3.1.jar
[root@tomcat-1 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  memcached-session-manager-2.3.2.jar  memcached-session-manager-tc7-2.3.2.jar  msm-javolution-serializer-2.1.1.jar  spymemcached-2.9.1.jar  javolution-5.4.3.1.jar
[root@tomcat-2 ~]# wget https://github.com/chenxofhit/memcached-session-manager/raw/master/maven/javolution/javolution/5.4.3.1/javolution-5.4.3.1.jar
[root@tomcat-2 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  memcached-session-manager-2.3.2.jar  memcached-session-manager-tc7-2.3.2.jar  msm-javolution-serializer-2.1.1.jar  spymemcached-2.9.1.jar  javolution-5.4.3.1.jar

10. tomcat-1、tomcat-2將下載的jar文件放到Tomcat自己的類文件存放路徑，也就是/usr/share/java/tomcat目錄下

提示：使用rpm -ql tomcat-lib可以得知Tomcat自己的類文件存放路徑。
[root@tomcat-1 ~]# mv *.jar /usr/share/java/tomcat
[root@tomcat-2 ~]# mv *.jar /usr/share/java/tomcat

11. 回到上面第6步驟，點"Configure memcached-session-manager as Manager"鏈結

12. 我們使用sticky session

13. tomcat-1、tomcat-2主機設定/etc/tomcat/server.xml，在<Host></Host>裡增加以下幾行

tomcat-1以及tomcat-2# vim /etc/tomcat/server.xml
128         <Context path="/test" docBase="test" reloadable="true">
129           <Manager className="de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager"  #使用的類
130            memcachedNodes="m1:192.168.169.131:11211,m2:192.168.169.131:11211"  #m1、m2只是標識，不解析所以填IP
131            failoverNodes="m2"  #表示m1出現故障時m2上線
132            requestUriIgnorePattern=".*\.(ico|png|gif|jpg|css|js)$"
133            transcoderFactoryClass="de.javakaffee.web.msm.serializer.javolution.JavolutionTranscoderFactory"  #這裡要改成使用javolution序列化工具的轉碼工廠類
134           />
135         </Context>

14. tomcat-1、tomcat-2主機重新啟動Tomcat服務

tomcat-1以及tomcat-2# # systemctl restart tomcat.service
tomcat-1以及tomcat-2# ss -tnl
State      Recv-Q Send-Q                                  Local Address:Port                                                 Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN     0      100                                              [::]:8009                                                         [::]:*                  
LISTEN     0      100                                              [::]:8080                                                         [::]:*                  
LISTEN     0      1                                  [::ffff:127.0.0.1]:8005                                                         [::]:*

15. 訪問多次"http://192.168.0.22/test"，可以看到不管訪問到tomcat-1還是tomcat-2，其Session ID、Created on都是一樣的

16. 把m1的服務給關了，模擬Memcached主機故障

[root@tomcat-1 ~]# systemctl stop memcached.service

17. 再訪問多次"http://192.168.0.22/test"，依然可以看到不管訪問到tomcat-1還是tomcat-2，其Session ID、Created on都是一樣的，會話不會丟失

1.3.2 使用kryo序列化工具

1. 回到上面第6步驟，點"Add custom serializers to your webapp (optional)"鏈結 → 點"msm-kryo-serializer "鏈結

2. 顯示要求https，所以在網址最前面加上https://

3. 點"2.3.2/"

4. 滑鼠右鍵" msm-kryo-serializer-2.3.2.jar"複製鏈結網址

5. 使用wget下載msm-kryo-serializer-2.3.2.jar到tomcat-1、tomcat-2主機

[root@tomcat-1 ~]# wget https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/de/javakaffee/msm/msm-kryo-serializer/2.3.2/msm-kryo-serializer-2.3.2.jar
[root@tomcat-1 ~]# ls 
anaconda-ks.cfg  memcached-session-manager-2.3.2.jar  memcached-session-manager-tc7-2.3.2.jar  msm-kryo-serializer-2.3.2.jar  spymemcached-2.9.1.jar
[root@tomcat-2 ~]# wget https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/de/javakaffee/msm/msm-kryo-serializer/2.3.2/msm-kryo-serializer-2.3.2.jar
[root@tomcat-2 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  memcached-session-manager-2.3.2.jar  memcached-session-manager-tc7-2.3.2.jar  msm-kryo-serializer-2.3.2.jar  spymemcached-2.9.1.jar

6. 回到上面第6步驟，點"Add custom serializers to your webapp (optional)"鏈結 → 點"kryo-serializers-0.34+"鏈結

7. 顯示要求https，所以在網址最前面加上https://

8. 點"0.45/"

9. 滑鼠右鍵"kryo-serializers-0.45.jar"複製鏈結網址

10. 使用wget下載kryo-serializers-0.45.jar到tomcat-1、tomcat-2主機

[root@tomcat-1 ~]# wget https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/de/javakaffee/kryo-serializers/0.45/kryo-serializers-0.45.jar
[root@tomcat-1 ~]# ls 
anaconda-ks.cfg  memcached-session-manager-2.3.2.jar  memcached-session-manager-tc7-2.3.2.jar  msm-kryo-serializer-2.3.2.jar  spymemcached-2.9.1.jar  kryo-serializers-0.45.jar
[root@tomcat-2 ~]# wget https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/de/javakaffee/kryo-serializers/0.45/kryo-serializers-0.45.jar
[root@tomcat-2 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  memcached-session-manager-2.3.2.jar  memcached-session-manager-tc7-2.3.2.jar  msm-kryo-serializer-2.3.2.jar  spymemcached-2.9.1.jar  kryo-serializers-0.45.jar

11. 回到上面第6步驟，點"Add custom serializers to your webapp (optional)"鏈結 → 點"kryo-3.x"鏈結

12. 顯示要求https，所以在網址最前面加上https://

13. 點"4.0.2/"

14. 滑鼠右鍵"kryo-4.0.2.jar"複製鏈結網址

15. 使用wget下載kryo-4.0.2.jar到tomcat-1、tomcat-2主機

[root@tomcat-1 ~]# wget https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/esotericsoftware/kryo/4.0.2/kryo-4.0.2.jar
[root@tomcat-1 ~]# ls 
anaconda-ks.cfg  memcached-session-manager-2.3.2.jar  memcached-session-manager-tc7-2.3.2.jar  msm-kryo-serializer-2.3.2.jar  spymemcached-2.9.1.jar  kryo-serializers-0.45.jar  kryo-4.0.2.jar
[root@tomcat-2 ~]# wget https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/esotericsoftware/kryo/4.0.2/kryo-4.0.2.jar
[root@tomcat-2 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  memcached-session-manager-2.3.2.jar  memcached-session-manager-tc7-2.3.2.jar  msm-kryo-serializer-2.3.2.jar  spymemcached-2.9.1.jar  kryo-serializers-0.45.jar  kryo-4.0.2.jar

16. 回到上面第6步驟，點"Add custom serializers to your webapp (optional)"鏈結 → 點"minlog "鏈結

17. 顯示要求https，所以在網址最前面加上https://

18. 點"1.3.1/"

19. 滑鼠右鍵"minlog-1.3.1.jar"複製鏈結網址

20. 使用wget下載minlog-1.3.1.jar到tomcat-1、tomcat-2主機

[root@tomcat-1 ~]# wget https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/esotericsoftware/minlog/1.3.1/minlog-1.3.1.jar
[root@tomcat-1 ~]# ls 
anaconda-ks.cfg  memcached-session-manager-2.3.2.jar  memcached-session-manager-tc7-2.3.2.jar  msm-kryo-serializer-2.3.2.jar  spymemcached-2.9.1.jar  kryo-serializers-0.45.jar  kryo-4.0.2.jar  minlog-1.3.1.jar
[root@tomcat-2 ~]# wget https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/esotericsoftware/minlog/1.3.1/minlog-1.3.1.jar
[root@tomcat-2 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  memcached-session-manager-2.3.2.jar  memcached-session-manager-tc7-2.3.2.jar  msm-kryo-serializer-2.3.2.jar  spymemcached-2.9.1.jar  kryo-serializers-0.45.jar  kryo-4.0.2.jar  minlog-1.3.1.jar

21. 回到上面第6步驟，點"Add custom serializers to your webapp (optional)"鏈結 → 點"reflectasm"鏈結

22. 顯示要求https，所以在網址最前面加上https://

23. 點"1.11.9/"

24. 滑鼠右鍵"reflectasm-1.11.9.jar"複製鏈結網址

25. 使用wget下載reflectasm-1.11.9.jar到tomcat-1、tomcat-2主機

[root@tomcat-1 ~]# wget https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/esotericsoftware/reflectasm/1.11.9/reflectasm-1.11.9.jar
[root@tomcat-1 ~]# ls 
anaconda-ks.cfg  memcached-session-manager-2.3.2.jar  memcached-session-manager-tc7-2.3.2.jar  msm-kryo-serializer-2.3.2.jar  spymemcached-2.9.1.jar  kryo-serializers-0.45.jar  kryo-4.0.2.jar  minlog-1.3.1.jar  reflectasm-1.11.9.jar
[root@tomcat-2 ~]# wget https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/esotericsoftware/reflectasm/1.11.9/reflectasm-1.11.9.jar
[root@tomcat-2 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  memcached-session-manager-2.3.2.jar  memcached-session-manager-tc7-2.3.2.jar  msm-kryo-serializer-2.3.2.jar  spymemcached-2.9.1.jar  kryo-serializers-0.45.jar  kryo-4.0.2.jar  minlog-1.3.1.jar  reflectasm-1.11.9.jar

26. 回到上面第6步驟，點"Add custom serializers to your webapp (optional)"鏈結 → 點"asm-5.x"鏈結

27. 顯示要求https，所以在網址最前面加上https://

28. 點"9.1/"

29. 滑鼠右鍵"asm-9.1.jar"複製鏈結網址

30. 使用wget下載asm-9.1.jar到tomcat-1、tomcat-2主機

[root@tomcat-1 ~]# wget https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/ow2/asm/asm/9.1/asm-9.1.jar
[root@tomcat-1 ~]# ls 
anaconda-ks.cfg  memcached-session-manager-2.3.2.jar  memcached-session-manager-tc7-2.3.2.jar  msm-kryo-serializer-2.3.2.jar  spymemcached-2.9.1.jar  kryo-serializers-0.45.jar  kryo-4.0.2.jar  minlog-1.3.1.jar  reflectasm-1.11.9.jar  asm-9.1.jar
[root@tomcat-2 ~]# wget https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/ow2/asm/asm/9.1/asm-9.1.jar
[root@tomcat-2 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  memcached-session-manager-2.3.2.jar  memcached-session-manager-tc7-2.3.2.jar  msm-kryo-serializer-2.3.2.jar  spymemcached-2.9.1.jar  kryo-serializers-0.45.jar  kryo-4.0.2.jar  minlog-1.3.1.jar  reflectasm-1.11.9.jar  asm-9.1.jar

31. 回到上面第6步驟，點"Add custom serializers to your webapp (optional)"鏈結 → 點"objenesis-2.x"鏈結

32. 顯示要求https，所以在網址最前面加上https://

33. 點"3.1/"

34. 滑鼠右鍵"objenesis-3.1.jar"複製鏈結網址

35. 使用wget下載asm-9.1.jar到tomcat-1、tomcat-2主機

[root@tomcat-1 ~]# wget https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/objenesis/objenesis/3.1/objenesis-3.1.jar
[root@tomcat-1 ~]# ls 
anaconda-ks.cfg  memcached-session-manager-2.3.2.jar  memcached-session-manager-tc7-2.3.2.jar  msm-kryo-serializer-2.3.2.jar  spymemcached-2.9.1.jar  kryo-serializers-0.45.jar  kryo-4.0.2.jar  minlog-1.3.1.jar  reflectasm-1.11.9.jar  asm-9.1.jar  objenesis-3.1.jar
[root@tomcat-2 ~]# wget https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/objenesis/objenesis/3.1/objenesis-3.1.jar
[root@tomcat-2 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  memcached-session-manager-2.3.2.jar  memcached-session-manager-tc7-2.3.2.jar  msm-kryo-serializer-2.3.2.jar  spymemcached-2.9.1.jar  kryo-serializers-0.45.jar  kryo-4.0.2.jar  minlog-1.3.1.jar  reflectasm-1.11.9.jar  asm-9.1.jar  objenesis-3.1.jar

36. tomcat-1、tomcat-2將下載的jar文件放到Tomcat自己的類文件存放路徑，也就是/usr/share/java/tomcat目錄下

提示：

a. 使用rpm -ql tomcat-lib可以得知Tomcat自己的類文件存放路徑。

b. tomcat如果是使用官方的二進制包，則路徑在二進制包下的lib目錄。

[root@tomcat-1 ~]# mv *.jar /usr/share/java/tomcat
[root@tomcat-2 ~]# mv *.jar /usr/share/java/tomcat

37. 回到上面第6步驟，點"Configure memcached-session-manager as Manager"鏈結

38. 我們使用sticky session

39. tomcat-1、tomcat-2主機設定/etc/tomcat/server.xml，在<Host></Host>裡增加以下幾行

tomcat-1以及tomcat-2# vim /etc/tomcat/server.xml
128         <Context path="/test" docBase="test" reloadable="true">
129           <Manager className="de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager"  #使用的類
130            memcachedNodes="m1:192.168.169.131:11211,m2:192.168.169.131:11211"  #m1、m2只是標識，不解析所以填IP
131            failoverNodes="m2"  #表示m1出現故障時m2上線
132            requestUriIgnorePattern=".*\.(ico|png|gif|jpg|css|js)$"
133            transcoderFactoryClass="de.javakaffee.web.msm.serializer.javolution.JavolutionTranscoderFactory"  #這裡要改成使用javolution序列化工具的轉碼工廠類
134           />
135         </Context>

40. tomcat-1、tomcat-2主機重新啟動Tomcat服務

tomcat-1以及tomcat-2# # systemctl restart tomcat.service
tomcat-1以及tomcat-2# ss -tnl
State      Recv-Q Send-Q                                  Local Address:Port                                                 Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN     0      100                                              [::]:8009                                                         [::]:*                  
LISTEN     0      100                                              [::]:8080                                                         [::]:*                  
LISTEN     0      1                                  [::ffff:127.0.0.1]:8005                                                         [::]:*

41. 訪問多次"http://192.168.0.22/test"，可以看到不管訪問到tomcat-1還是tomcat-2，其Session ID、Created on都是一樣的

42. 把m1的服務給關了，模擬Memcached主機故障

[root@tomcat-1 ~]# systemctl stop memcached.service

43. 再訪問多次"http://192.168.0.22/test"，依然可以看到不管訪問到tomcat-1還是tomcat-2，其Session ID、Created on都是一樣的，會話不會丟失

2. Apache會話保持Tomcat

2.1 Session Sticky

使用基於cookie的會話黏性。

2.1.1 設定www-ilinux-io_http_tomcat.conf

[root@proxy ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/www-ilinux-io_http_tomcat.conf 
Header add Set-Cookie "ROUTEID=.%{BALANCER_WORKER_ROUTE}e; path=/" env=BALANCER_ROUTE_CHANGED

<Proxy balancer://tcsrvs>
    BalancerMember http://192.168.169.131:8080 route=Tomcat-1
    BalancerMember http://192.168.169.132:8080 route=Tomcat-2
    ProxySet lbmethod=bybusyness
    ProxySet stickysession=ROUTEID  #使用會話黏性
</Proxy>

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName www.ilinux.io
    ProxyRequests off
    ProxyPreserveHost on
    ProxyVia on

    <Proxy *>
        Require all granted
    </Proxy>

    ProxyPass / balancer://tcsrvs/
    ProxyPassReverse / balancer://tcsrvs/

    <Location />
        Require all granted
    </Location>
</VirtualHost>
[root@proxy ~]# httpd -t
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using fe80::5098:67ae:9678:b052. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
Syntax OK

2.1.2 重啟Apache服務

[root@proxy ~]# systemctl restart httpd.service

2.1.3 訪問多次"http://www.ilinux.io/test"

2.1.3.1 使用瀏覽器訪問，顯示都是同一個畫面，Session ID與時間戳也都是同一個

2.1.3.2 使用curl訪問，會話黏性失效了嗎？不是，因為curl是不帶cookie的

[root@client ~]# for i in {1..4};do curl -s www.ilinux.io/test/ | grep -i tomcat*;done
        <head><title>tomcat-2</title></head>
            <h1><font color="green">tomcat-2.lab.com</font></h1>
        <head><title>tomcat-1</title></head>
            <h1><font color="red">tomcat-1.lab.com</font></h1>
        <head><title>tomcat-2</title></head>
            <h1><font color="green">tomcat-2.lab.com</font></h1>
        <head><title>tomcat-1</title></head>
            <h1><font color="red">tomcat-1.lab.com</font></h1>

2.1.4 使用瀏覽器訪問時打開開發者檢測畫面，可以看到Cookie最後帶了ROUTEID

2.2 Session Cluster

同1.2，既然是負載均衡調度，那麼很顯然我們使用哪一種調度器對用戶來講其實都沒有什麼影響，所以像1.2用的是Nginx調度的，現在把換成Httpd調度應該依然沒有任何問題。

2.3 Session Server

同1.3，既然是負載均衡調度，那麼很顯然我們使用哪一種調度器對用戶來講其實都沒有什麼影響，所以像1.3用的是Nginx調度的，現在把換成Httpd調度應該依然沒有任何問題。

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