ABP (ASP.NET Boilerplate) 應用程式開發框架新手教學 No.4 資料庫遷移 Migration

2016-07-27

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ABP
2016-07-28

ABP (ASP.NET Boilerplate) 應用程式開發框架新手教學 No.0 索引

這篇主要是Migration

首先一樣先按照架構，Migration相關檔案應該放在基礎設施層 MyCompany.MyProject.EntityFramework 專案的 Migrations 資料夾

1.Migrations SeedData Creator

這邊我先建立 SeedData 種子資料，也就是預設一些資料列，包含Creator(單一實體產生)跟Builder(基於Creator組合的建立)

SeedData 集中在 Migrations 資料夾下的 SeedData 資料夾內

Map產生器：DefaultMapsCreator.cs

using MyCompany.MyProject.Entities;
using MyCompany.MyProject.EntityFramework;
using System.Linq;

namespace MyCompany.MyProject.Migrations.SeedData
{
    class DefaultMapsCreator
    {
        private readonly MyProjectDbContext _context;

        public DefaultMapsCreator(MyProjectDbContext context)
        {
            _context = context;
        }

        public void Create()
        {
            CreateMaps();
        }

        public void CreateMaps()
        {
            var defaultMap = _context.Maps.FirstOrDefault(t => t.MapName == Map.DefaultMapName);
            if (defaultMap == null)
            {
                _context.Maps.Add(new Map { MapName = Map.DefaultMapName });
                _context.SaveChanges();
            }
        }
    }
}

Player產生器：DefaultPlayersCreator.cs

using MyCompany.MyProject.Entities;
using MyCompany.MyProject.EntityFramework;
using System.Linq;

namespace MyCompany.MyProject.Migrations.SeedData
{
    class DefaultPlayersCreator
    {
        private readonly MyProjectDbContext _context;

        public DefaultPlayersCreator(MyProjectDbContext context)
        {
            _context = context;
        }

        public void Create()
        {
            CreatePlayers();
        }

        public void CreatePlayers()
        {
            var defaultPlayer = _context.Players.FirstOrDefault(t => t.PlayerName == Player.DefaultPlayerName);
            if (defaultPlayer == null)
            {
                _context.Players.Add(new Player { PlayerName = Player.DefaultPlayerName });
                _context.SaveChanges();
            }
        }
    }
}

2.Migrations SeedData Builder

Player與Map建立：PlayerAndMapBuilder.cs

using MyCompany.MyProject.EntityFramework;

namespace MyCompany.MyProject.Migrations.SeedData
{
    public class PlayerAndMapBuilder
    {
        private readonly MyProjectDbContext _context;
        public PlayerAndMapBuilder(MyProjectDbContext context)
        {
            _context = context;
        }

        public void Create()
        {
            new DefaultMapsCreator(_context).Create();
            new DefaultPlayersCreator(_context).Create();
        }
    }
}

這邊主要可以控制建立的先後順序，因為Player相依於Map，所以我先呼叫DefaultMapsCreator再叫用DefaultPlayersCreator

或是你可以先入一些判斷，相依的資料表存在與否的不同處理流程...等等

到這邊SeedData基本已經建立完成，再來我們設定Migration來呼叫SeedData建立作業

Migration 設定檔位於 MyCompany.MyProject.EntityFramework\Migrations\Configuration.cs

我們到最下面SaveChanges之前加上PlayerAndMapBuilder的呼叫

using System.Data.Entity.Migrations;
using Abp.MultiTenancy;
using Abp.Zero.EntityFramework;
using MyCompany.MyProject.Migrations.SeedData;
using EntityFramework.DynamicFilters;

namespace MyCompany.MyProject.Migrations
{
    public sealed class Configuration : DbMigrationsConfiguration<MyProject.EntityFramework.MyProjectDbContext>, IMultiTenantSeed
    {
        public AbpTenantBase Tenant { get; set; }

        public Configuration()
        {
            AutomaticMigrationsEnabled = false;
            ContextKey = "MyProject";
        }

        protected override void Seed(MyProject.EntityFramework.MyProjectDbContext context)
        {
            context.DisableAllFilters();

            if (Tenant == null)
            {
                //Host seed
                new InitialHostDbBuilder(context).Create();

                //Default tenant seed (in host database).
                new DefaultTenantCreator(context).Create();
                new TenantRoleAndUserBuilder(context, 1).Create();
            }
            else
            {
                //You can add seed for tenant databases and use Tenant property...
            }
            new PlayerAndMapBuilder(context).Create();
            context.SaveChanges();
        }
    }
}

如此一來在建立資料庫時就會把預設資料塞進去了

3.Migrations Add-Migration

再來到套件管理主控台輸入指令 Add-Migration Created_Table_PlayersAndMaps

來建立一個新的 Migration 版本名稱為 Created_Table_PlayersAndMaps (可自定義)

成功後會自動產生一個檔案 MyCompany.MyProject.EntityFramework\Migrations\201607270707459_Created_Table_PlayersAndMaps.cs

namespace MyCompany.MyProject.Migrations
{
    using System;
    using System.Data.Entity.Migrations;
    
    public partial class Created_Table_PlayersAndMaps : DbMigration
    {
        public override void Up()
        {
            CreateTable(
                "dbo.Maps",
                c => new
                    {
                        Id = c.Long(nullable: false, identity: true),
                        MapName = c.String(),
                        CreationTime = c.DateTime(nullable: false),
                    })
                .PrimaryKey(t => t.Id);
            
            CreateTable(
                "dbo.Players",
                c => new
                    {
                        Id = c.Long(nullable: false, identity: true),
                        PlayerName = c.String(),
                        CreationTime = c.DateTime(nullable: false),
                        MapID = c.Long(nullable: false),
                    })
                .PrimaryKey(t => t.Id)
                .ForeignKey("dbo.Maps", t => t.MapID, cascadeDelete: true)
                .Index(t => t.MapID);
            
        }
        
        public override void Down()
        {
            DropForeignKey("dbo.Players", "MapID", "dbo.Maps");
            DropIndex("dbo.Players", new[] { "MapID" });
            DropTable("dbo.Players");
            DropTable("dbo.Maps");
        }
    }
}

這裡分成Up(從上一版更新到這個版本所需要的資料庫變更)與Down(降版所需的變更)

實現了專案內資料庫定義的版本控制
入後可以利用 [Update-Database 版本名稱] 回到指定版本

EX：Update-Database Created_Table_PlayersAndMaps

4.更新資料庫

於套件管理主控台輸入指令 Update-Database