[C#][Silverlight] 透過LINQ取得不重複的隨機數值 - 不騙你,只需要一行程式碼!!

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  • C#
  • 2013-07-15

日前在專案中有需要從題庫中隨機挑選題目的需求,加上最近在MSDN論壇看到有人在問隨機取得不重複的數值的問題,為了避免之後又不小心忘記這個方便的寫法,特別寫文章來紀錄一下。

 

日前在專案中有需要從題庫中隨機挑選題目的需求,加上最近在MSDN論壇看到有人在問隨機取得不重複的數值的問題,為了避免之後又不小心忘記這個方便的寫法,特別寫文章來紀錄一下。

 

首先,請直接看這個範例(請別把這個範例當作明牌產生器喔!!槓龜我可不負責~少來了!):

接著看看原始碼:

MainPage.xaml

<UserControl xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
		xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
		xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
		xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
		xmlns:theme="clr-namespace:System.Windows.Controls.Theming;assembly=System.Windows.Controls.Theming.ExpressionDark"
		xmlns:toolkit="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation/toolkit"
		x:Class="SL_RandomWithLinq.MainPage" mc:Ignorable="d" d:DesignHeight="600" d:DesignWidth="800">
	<theme:ExpressionDarkTheme Background="{x:Null}" Foreground="#FF646464">
		<Border BorderThickness="2" CornerRadius="10" Margin="10" Background="White" BorderBrush="#FF646464">
			<Border.Effect>
				<DropShadowEffect />
			</Border.Effect>
			<Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" Background="Transparent">
				<Grid.RowDefinitions>
					<RowDefinition Height="40" />
					<RowDefinition />
					<RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
				</Grid.RowDefinitions>
				<TextBlock HorizontalAlignment="Center" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="Silverlight 透過Linq取亂數範例"
						VerticalAlignment="Center" FontSize="26.667" FontWeight="Bold" />
				<Rectangle Fill="#FF646464" Height="2" Margin="10,0" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" />
				<TextBlock HorizontalAlignment="Center" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="第 00000 期大樂透得獎號碼"
						VerticalAlignment="Top" FontSize="32" FontWeight="Bold" Grid.Row="1" Margin="10,10,0,0"
						FontStyle="Italic" Foreground="#FFFFC700">
					<TextBlock.Effect>
						<DropShadowEffect ShadowDepth="1" />
					</TextBlock.Effect></TextBlock>
				<toolkit:WrapPanel x:Name="wrpNumbers" Margin="10,60,10,10" Grid.Row="1">
					<toolkit:WrapPanel.Effect>
						<DropShadowEffect Opacity="0.5" ShadowDepth="1" />
					</toolkit:WrapPanel.Effect>
				</toolkit:WrapPanel>
				<Button x:Name="btnRandom" Content="重新開獎" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Grid.Row="3"
						VerticalAlignment="Center" Margin="0,5,0,10" Padding="10,5" FontSize="16"
						Click="btnRandom_Click" />
			</Grid>
		</Border>
	</theme:ExpressionDarkTheme>
</UserControl>

CodeBehind:

MainPage.xaml.cs

using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Media;

namespace SL_RandomWithLinq
{
    public partial class MainPage : UserControl
    {
        public MainPage()
        {
            InitializeComponent();

            for( int i = 1 ; i <= 49 ; i++ )
            {
                this.wrpNumbers.Children.Add( new TextBlock
                                                {
                                                    Text = i.ToString( "00" ) ,
                                                    Foreground = new SolidColorBrush { Color = Colors.Gray } ,
                                                    FontSize = 32 ,
                                                    Width = 80 ,
                                                    Margin = new Thickness( 5 ) ,
                                                    TextAlignment = TextAlignment.Center ,
                                                } );
            }
        }

        private void btnRandom_Click( object sender , RoutedEventArgs e )
        {
            //重置所有號碼為灰色
            this.wrpNumbers.Children.OfType<TextBlock>().ToList().ForEach( t => t.Foreground = new SolidColorBrush { Color = Colors.Gray } );

            //將數值打亂之後透過Take方法取出前6個值
            var result = Enumerable.Range( 1 , 49 ).OrderBy( n => n * n * ( new Random() ).Next() ).Take( 6 );

            //將被挑選出來的號碼改為紅色
            result.ToList().ForEach( i => this.wrpNumbers.Children.OfType<TextBlock>().ElementAt( i - 1 ).Foreground = new SolidColorBrush { Color = Colors.Red } );
        }


    }
}

透過LINQ,真的很威能啊!!原本可能得要透過迴圈才能完成的動作,改由LINQ來實作,就真的只需要一行!!沒錯!!一行!!

不過,您可能會擔心取出來的亂數不夠亂--別擔心,這個寫法是有參考洋人墨水的(參考連結在此:Generating random sequences with LINQ )~

 

最後,奉上專案原始檔,請自行取用: