學習紀錄

環境

CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core) 

MySQL 5.7.22 

 

Yum安裝MySQL

安裝MySQL Yum repository

[root@localhost ~]# wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm

[root@localhost ~]# yum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm

確認yum repository已經安裝

[root@localhost ~]# yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64       MySQL Connectors Community           51
mysql-tools-community/x86_64            MySQL Tools Community                63
mysql57-community/x86_64                MySQL 5.7 Community Server          267

查看MySQL發行版本

[root@localhost ~]# yum repolist all | grep mysql
mysql-cluster-7.5-community/x86_64 MySQL Cluster 7.5 Community    disabled
mysql-cluster-7.5-community-source MySQL Cluster 7.5 Community -  disabled
mysql-cluster-7.6-community/x86_64 MySQL Cluster 7.6 Community    disabled
mysql-cluster-7.6-community-source MySQL Cluster 7.6 Community -  disabled
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64  MySQL Connectors Community     enabled:    51
mysql-connectors-community-source  MySQL Connectors Community - S disabled
mysql-tools-community/x86_64       MySQL Tools Community          enabled:    63
mysql-tools-community-source       MySQL Tools Community - Source disabled
mysql-tools-preview/x86_64         MySQL Tools Preview            disabled
mysql-tools-preview-source         MySQL Tools Preview - Source   disabled
mysql55-community/x86_64           MySQL 5.5 Community Server     disabled
mysql55-community-source           MySQL 5.5 Community Server - S disabled
mysql56-community/x86_64           MySQL 5.6 Community Server     disabled
mysql56-community-source           MySQL 5.6 Community Server - S disabled
mysql57-community/x86_64           MySQL 5.7 Community Server     enabled:   267
mysql57-community-source           MySQL 5.7 Community Server - S disabled
mysql80-community/x86_64           MySQL 8.0 Community Server     disabled
mysql80-community-source           MySQL 8.0 Community Server - S disabled

安裝MySQL 

[root@localhost ~]# yum install mysql-community-server

確認安裝完成後啟動服務命令如下，並可查詢啟動狀態

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status mysqld

為了資料庫的安全性，MySQL在安裝後會為root產生一組隨機密碼放在/var/log/mysqld.log中。查看臨時生成的帳號密碼的方式如下:

[root@localhost ~]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2018-07-06T07:19:54.967197Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: d(&wyX4%tBtX

若需要修改隨機密碼可用下列SQL語法修改為自定義密碼

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'NewPassWord!';

#注意: 密碼須包含一個大寫字母、一個小寫字母、一個數字和一個特殊符號，且長度至少為8字元

 

遠端連接MySQL設定

外部連接需開啟防火牆MySQL預設3306 Port

檢視3306 Port是否開啟

[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --query-port=3306/tcp
no

目前3306為關閉狀態，需開啟外部才可連接MySQL

開啟指令

[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent

關閉指令

[root@localhost ~]#  firewall-cmd --zone=public --remove-port=3306/tcp --permanent

設定好後重啟防火牆

[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --reload

接著修改root用戶可任意IP登入

mysql> update mysql.user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

最後生效修改命令

mysql> flush privileges;

使用MySQLWorkbench來測試連接

 

參考來源: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/linux-installation-yum-repo.html